杰哥句子超精讲day1

大家好,欢迎来到杰哥🦊句子超精讲day1,长难句是托福阅读的一个重难点,往往是很多词汇量不错的同学下一个提分路上的拦路虎,要稳定的拿到高分,必须要理解准确,那么对句子结构的精准理解是前提,当然不光是准确,在紧张的考试中还得迅速反应出句子的核心句意,所以针对长难句的的专项训练是攻克这个难关的一个有效手段,托福阅读考查句子结构有限,对各种句子结构高质量的熟悉积累,就是搞定长难句的关键,具体方法详见👉长难句不懂,阅读速度不够怎么办

day1句子超精讲

1.Totally without light and subjected to intense pressures hundreds of times greater than at the Earth’s surface,the deep—ocean bottom is a hostile environment to humans,in some ways as forbidding and remote as the void of outer space.

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语言点:

1. be subjected to  遭受了(something unpleasant)

eg. I am subjected to a lot of pressure/resistance  我遭受到了很多压力/阻力

2. A is 数字+times+形容词比较级+than B:A是B的几倍(形容词)

3. hostile adj.反对的; 敌对的

 If you are hostile to another person or an idea, you disagree with them or disapprove of them, often showing this in your behavior.

ADJ Hostile situations and conditions make it difficult for you to achieve something. (环境和条件等) 不利的

4. forbidding adj. 令人生畏的;严峻的;险恶的

seeming unfriendly and frightening and likely to cause harm or danger 

5.remote adj. 遥远的;偏僻的;疏远的

Remote areas are far away from cities and places where most people live, and are therefore difficult to get to.

6.void n. 空虚,空的

If you describe a situation or a feeling as a void, you mean that it seems empty because there is nothing interesting or worthwhile about it. 空白; 空虚感

(定语后置 in some ways…) 由于完全没有光,而且承受着比在地球表面大数百倍的极大压力,深海底部对人类而言是一 个充满敌意的环境,在某些方面就像外层空间一样险恶和遥远。 

分句 1:Totally without light and subjected to intense pressures
分句 2:hundreds of times greater than at the Earth’s surface
分句 3:the deep—ocean bottom is a hostile environment to humans 分句 4:in some ways as forbidding and remote as the void of outer space 

分句 2 修饰分句 1 结尾的短语 intense pressures,
分句 1 是分句 3 的原因状语
分句 3 是整个长句子的主句
分句 4 是分句 3 的后置定语,修饰分句 3 的 a hostile environment to humans 

整个句子结构是:
原因状语+主句+后置定语 这是主句前后分别有状语和定语的修饰成分,但是本句其实不是复合句。句子的核心意思是 深海对于人类而言是一个充满敌意的环境。 


2.Basic to any understanding of Canada in the 20 years after the Second World War is the country’s impressive population growth.

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语言点:

1.adj.+be+n. 倒装结构,正常语序为:n.+be+adj. 

2.understanding n.理解 

N-VAR If you have an understanding of something, you know how it works or know what it means.

3. the Second World War 第二次世界大战

(倒装结构 Basic to any understanding…is…)
要理解二战之后 20 年中的加拿大,就必须了解该国惊人的人口增长。 

分句 1:Basic to any understanding of Canada in the 20 years after the Second World War
分句 2:is
分句 3:the country’s impressive population growth
分句 1,2,3 共同构成倒装句,正常的语序应该是 3,2,1,即:该句的正常语序是 The country’s impressive population growth is basic to any understanding of Canada in the 20 years after the Second World War. 

本句是一个简单句,只不过使用了倒装,谓语动词是 is. 


3.As a result,claims that eating a diet consisting entirely of organically grown foods prevents or cures disease or provides other benefits to health have become widely publicized and form the basis for folklore.

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1.claim v.宣称 n.断言

2.diet 日常饮食

N-VAR Your diet is the type and variety of food that you regularly eat.

3.consist of 由…构成

A consists of B,C and D. A由BCD组成

4.organically grown foods 有机生长的食物(绿色食品)

5.cure v.治疗 an illness/a diseases 治疗疾病

6.publicize v.宣传,公布

7.folklore n.民间传说

(同位语从句 claims that…) 结果,那些认为只食用绿色食品就能防治疾病或增进健康的观点广为人知,并成为一些民间 说法的基础。 

分句 1: that eating a diet consisting entirely of organically grown foods prevents or cures disease or provides other benefits to health 

分句 2:claims have become widely publicized and form the basis for folklore
分句 2 嵌套分句 1,分句 1 作为分句 2 主语的同位语从句嵌套在分句 2 中。因此本句的主句 是 claims have become widely publicized and form the basis for folklore. 那些观点广为人知,并 成为一些民间说法的基础。同位语从句是 that eating a diet consisting entirely of organically grown foods prevents or cures disease or provides other benefits to health:只食用绿色食品就能 防治疾病或增进健康 


4.There are numerous unsubstantiated reports that natural vitamins are superior to synthetic ones, that fertilized eggs are nutritionally superior to unfertilized eggs,that untreated grains are better than fumigated grains and the like.

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语言点:

1.numerous adj.许多的 in large numbers

2.vitamin n. 维生素,维他命

3.be superior to 优于

A is superior to B A比B高级

4.synthetic adj. 综合的;合成的,人造的

5.fertilized adj.受过精的

6.untreated adj.未经过处理的

7.fumigate v.熏制(fume 烟)

8.grain n.谷物,粮食,颗粒

(并列同位语从句 reports that…,that…,that…) 关于天然维生素优于人造维生素,受精蛋比未受精蛋的营养价值更高,未经熏蒸消毒处理的 谷物比经过处理的好等等报道屡见不鲜,但都没有得到证实。 

分句 1:There are numerous unsubstantiated reports
分句 2:natural vitamins are superior to synthetic ones
分句 3:that fertilized eggs are nutritionally superior to unfertilized eggs
分句 4:that untreated grains are better than fumigated grains and the like
分句 1 是整个长句的主句,分句 2、分句 3 和分句 4 是并列关系,共同构成分句 1 的同位语 从句。本句的意思是有很多没有经过证实的报道,然后并列了三个未经过证实的报道的从句。 


5.The desperate plight of the South has eclipsed the fact that reconstruction had to be undertaken also in the North,though less spectacularly.

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语言点:

1.desperate adj. 不顾一切的;令人绝望的;极度渴望的

2.plight n.困境

If you refer to someone’s plight, you mean that they are in a difficult or distressing situation that is full of problems.

3.eclipse n.日蚀 v.使得黯然失色

4.undertake v.从事

5.spectacularly adv. 壮观地

(同位语从句 fact that…) 南方极为严重的困境使北方同样需要开始重建(尽管不像南方那么引人注目)这一事实显得 不太重要。 

分句 1. The desperate plight of the South has eclipsed the fact 分句 2. reconstruction had to be undertaken also in the North 分句 3.though less spectacularly (省略) 

1 和 2 嵌套 1 和 3 并列 

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